Under 340B, the prices charged by drug companies to publicly funded clinics must be some percentage below prices charged to Medicaid. According to Jennifer Lockwood-Shabat of NFPRHA, drug-company pricing information, which is considered proprietary, is made available only to the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services. CMS does a calculation that takes into account inflation, average pricing data, and other variables to determine the Medicaid prices. It then passes its results on to the Office of Pharmacy Affairs, which uses another formula to calculate the ceiling prices under the 340B program.