In 1988, Reagan's Justice Department, headed by Attorney General Edwin Meese, strategized about how to change the courts in the ambitiously titled "The Constitution in the Year 2000: Choices Ahead in Constitutional Interpretation." The working paper targeted legal rules that Meese and his aides wanted to change and how to put on the bench judges who were committed to doing that. As professor Dawn Johnsen has detailed, the Republicans realized much of their vision through targeted appointments.