One doesn't hear much about Jesus' brothers at Christmastime. Scholars and theologians have disagreed about the reference in Mark. Some hold that "brothers" means just what it says. Others, wanting to maintain that Mary is a perpetual virgin, read "brothers" as "cousins" (or "step-brothers," as in Joseph's sons from a previous marriage). The biblical character most commonly identified as Jesus' blood brother is James, who is named, along with three other men (Joseph, Simon, and Judas) in Mark 6:3 and Matthew 13:55-56. James became the first bishop of Jerusalem. The supposedly ancient "James ossuary" was thought to have belonged to "James, son of Joseph, brother of Jesus." But the inscription that identified it as such was later dismissed by most scholars as a modern-day forgery.

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