Project Syndicate

Sorry, Jim Yong Kim

The Dartmouth president might be a fine World Bank president, but it’s silly that the United States gets to choose.

Jim Yong Kim.
Jim Yong Kim is the United States’ nominee for World Bank president

Tomohiro Ohsumi/Bloomberg via Getty Images.

President Obama’s nomination of Jim Yong Kim for the presidency of the World Bank has been well-received—and rightly so, especially given some of the other names that were bandied about. Kim  is the Dartmouth president and previously led the World Health Organization’s HIV/AIDS department. But the candidate’s nationality, and the nominating country—whether small and poor or large and rich—should play no role in determining who gets the job.

The World Bank’s 11 executive directors from emerging and developing countries have put forward two excellent candidates, Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala of Nigeria and Jose Antonio Ocampo of Colombia. I have worked closely with both of them. Both are first-rate, have served as ministers with multiple portfolios, have performed admirably in top positions in multilateral organizations, and have the diplomatic skills and professional competence to do an outstanding job. They understand finance and economics, the bread and butter of the World Bank, and have a network of connections to leverage the bank’s effectiveness.

Okonjo-Iweala brings an insider’s knowledge of the institution. Ocampo, like Kim, brings the advantages and disadvantages of being an outsider; but Ocampo, a distinguished professor at Columbia University, is thoroughly acquainted with the World Bank. He previously served not only as minister of economics and finance, but also of agriculture—a critically important qualification, given that the vast majority of the developing countries’ poor depend on farming. He also brings impressive environmental credentials, addressing another of the bank’s central concerns.

Both Okonjo-Iweala and Ocampo understand the role of international financial institutions in providing global public goods. Throughout their careers, their hearts and minds have been devoted to development, and to fulfilling the World Bank’s mission of eliminating poverty. They have set a high bar for any American candidate.

Much is at stake. Almost 2 billion people remain in poverty in the developing world, and, while the World Bank cannot solve the problem on its own, it plays a leading role. Despite its name, the bank is primarily an international development institution. Kim’s specialty, public health, is critical, and the bank has long supported innovative initiatives in this field. But health is only a small part of the bank’s “portfolio,” and it typically works in this area with partners who bring to the table expertise in medicine.

Rumors suggest that the United States is likely to insist on maintaining the perverse selection process in which it gets to pick the World Bank’s president, simply because, in this election year, Obama’s opponents would trumpet loss of control over the choice as a sign of weakness. And it is more important for the United States to retain that control than it is for emerging and developing countries to obtain it.

Should America continue to insist on controlling the selection process, it is the bank itself that would suffer. For years, its effectiveness was compromised because it was seen, in part, as a tool of Western governments and their countries’ financial and corporate sectors. Ironically, even America’s long-term interests would be best served by a commitment—not just in words, but also in deeds—to a merit-based system and good governance.

One supposed achievement of the G-20 was an agreement to reform the governance of the international financial institutions —most importantly, how their leaders are selected. Since expertise on development by and large lies within the emerging and developing countries—after all, they live development—it seems natural that the World Bank’s head would come from one of those countries. To maintain a cabal among developed countries, whereby the United States appoints the World Bank president and Europe picks the International Monetary Fund’s head, seems particularly anachronistic and perplexing today, when both institutions are turning to emerging-market countries as a source of funds.

Okonjo-Iweala put the matter forcefully in an interview with the Financial Times: What is at stake is a matter of hypocrisy. The integrity of the advanced industrial countries, which have a majority of the votes at the World Bank, is being put to the test.

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