Shafer Shanked It
Revisiting my flawed piece about Times and Post headcounts and the future of newspapers.
After teeing up a column, I like to write a lede that creases the center of the fairway and then a nut graf that puts me pin high. After that, I'm happy to produce any copy that allows me to two-putt for a birdie.
I had the birdie buzz on earlier this month after completing my column "The Newspaper of the Future." Then I heard from New York Times Executive Editor Bill Keller. Keller essentially informed me that I had shanked my ball into the rough, mowed the grass with my 2-iron, and tiddlywinked my ball into the cup for a quadruple bogey. He was much nicer than that. But he did catch me trafficking bad data, and for that there is no defense.
To spare you the bother of having to read my original flawed piece, I argued that newspapers' newsroom headcount has grown dramatically over the past 35 years. Faced with an industrywide downturn, today's publishers are cutting staff. The relative good news I discovered in my reporting was that in 1972 both the New York Times and Washington Post published very good newspapers with smaller staffs. I wrote that much of the headcount added since 1972 has gone to fill the soft-news, lifestyle, and service sections that have proliferated in the last 35 years. I concluded that once publishers finish cutting headcount, we should consider ourselves fortunate if our newspapers looked like the newspapers of the past, i.e., many fewer soft pages but as many hard-news pages as in 1972.
My big mistake: My headcount numbers were wrong. I should have worked harder to get the right ones. Mea maxima culpa.
I wrote that the Times newsroom had 500 "reporters, editors, and copyreaders" in 1974 and that it has 1,200 newsroom staffers today. The accurate number for today's Times, Keller informs me, is 750 reporters, editors, and copyreaders. The 1,200 number I stupidly cited includes Times photographers, designers, graphic artists, researchers, secretaries, clerks, and budget and tech wranglers. Of the Post, I wrote that it had about 400 reporters, editors, and copyreaders in 1974 and about 800 today. Post Managing Editor Philip Bennett says his newsroom now has 550 full-time reporters and editors. In 1975, about 340 served in comparable positions.
So allow me to take a mulligan. Times and Post headcount growth has not been as dramatic as I made it out to be, and the smaller numbers undermine my analysis.
Keller maintains that headcount growth has benefited not just the lifestyle sections but the hard-news pages, something I don't dispute in my piece. I write that both newspapers relied more on wire services in 1972—especially the Post—and both papers ran shorter news stories.
But Keller has a larger point to make, writing:
[M]y main purpose in writing is not to belabor metrics, it is to wave a crucifix at the vampires who might be animated by your logic.
Your conclusion seemed to be roughly this: It's possible to cut many pounds of flesh from the country's best newspapers—heck, cut 'em in half!—and still end up with really good papers of the kind that covered Vietnam and Watergate. To do that you just have to confine your knife to all the sections that don't do wars and politics.
And that, in the real world, is bollocks.
If you cut the staff back to a replica of the 1972 New York Times newsroom, the result would be:
—A drastically diminished news report, in print and on line; and, I believe,
—A company that would almost surely be unprofitable, because those features that have grown up since 1972 attract the advertising that currently makes the difference between a paper that makes money and one that loses money.
In other words, the baby is the bath water. Sacrifice the lifestyle and softer news sections that have expanded in the last 30 years and the Times itself becomes unviable.
Jack Shafer was Slate's editor at large. You can follow him on Twitter or email him at Shafer.Reuters@gmail.com.


