Dispatches From the Santa Fe Drought
Entry 1:
One fun thing about living in a smaller city—my wife and I moved from San Francisco to Santa Fe, N.M., last July—is that local politics play out on a scale that allows you to grasp the issues, watch the gyrations of democracy up close, and make yourself heard.
These days I'm heard saying "arrrgh" a lot because the main issue I'm grasping goes like this: In about three weeks, barring a miracle, the drought-whomped city water supply will run so low that homeowners will be forbidden from watering their plants. It's called a Stage 4 Water Shortage Emergency, and Santa Fe—a high desert city that bumps up against the Southern Rockies—has never entered such a crisis state before, though there have been three Stage 3s since 1996. (In Stage 3, which we're in now, you can water once a week.) In addition to the fatwa on yard and garden bubbly, Stage 4 would halt new construction permits—a dire outcome for a growing community. As for Santa Fe's all-important tourist economy … well, would you vacation here if the "City Different" becomes the "City Dehydrated"?
Stage 4 is nearly on us because of a combination of drought (God's fault), bad planning (the city's fault), too much water use (all our faults), and bad luck (Satan's fault?). Forty percent of Santa Fe's water supply comes from two reservoirs nestled high in the Sangre de Cristo Mountains, which rise 12,000-plus feet above town. These are replenished mostly by snow-melt. We had a sucky snow year—part of the larger dryness that's afflicting states all over the West—so as of mid-May, the reservoirs were down to 27.5 percent capacity and dropping steadily. (At anything below 20 percent, the water will be too "brackish" for treatment and use.) Most of the rest comes from a set of city-owned wells near the Rio Grande, west of town. If the reservoirs are zonked, the city will go to Stage 4 to avoid overburdening this last line of defense. In Santa Fe's hoped-for future is a grand diversion project that would bring water from the San Juan River up north, but that's a distant dream.
Under Stage 4, you'll be able to get around the H2O ban in little ways—you can water plants with anything you catch in rain barrels (this'll work great if it ever rains hard again, which it hasn't for weeks), and you can use gray water from your kitchen, laundry, and bathroom. But totin' tub juice won't be enough to save us if Stage 4 lasts a couple of months and there's a late arrival of the "summer monsoon," the not-exactly-tropical storms that usually come in July and August.
For now I'm responding by doing the Good Citizen Shuffle: I have my low-flush toilets, water once a week, shower (fast) with a bucket at my feet, and recently went down the dreaded handynerdyman path by buying and installing four rain barrels and making four more.
But like a lot of people, I'm starting to feel like a chump because it's easy to see that the suffering won't be evenly distributed as this historic calamity unfolds. County residents who live outside the city limits and have their own wells will be able to water whenever they want. There's a defiant guy in my neighborhood with a well on his lot, and though it's no longer legal to use in-town aquifers, he's told the city to screw itself and is watering at will, laughing off the measly $600 in fines he's accrued. Rich people who live behind high adobe walls will have an easier time sneaking in 4 a.m. dribblings for their often lavish landscapes because water-regulation enforcement—there are actual water cops who make the rounds night and day—will happen mostly by eyesight.
Those are the minor irritants. A bigger one is a pricey development northwest of the city called Las Campanas, a place of million-dollar-plus homes and two very thirsty Jack Nicklaus-designed golf courses. ("In the City Different," purrs the Yoda-syntaxed copy on its brochures, "The Community Quintessential.") This 1,717-lot luxury layout was brought here in the early '90s by an Arizona developer named Lyle Anderson. In 1995, Santa Fe purchased its water system from the Public Service Company of New Mexico, the utility company better known as PSN. In doing so, it inherited a complicated set of lease agreements that allow Las Campanas to irrigate its golf courses with well water delivered through city pipes.
Which means that, technically, the water belongs to Las Campanas, so its caretakers can use it as they see fit. According to the Santa Fe New Mexican, Las Campanas is using roughly one of every 12 gallons produced by the municipal water system. In 2001, from April to October, Las Campanas' golf courses consumed 265 million gallons, which is the equivalent of 5,400 houses using 7,000 gallons a month. All this to water 160 acres of fairways, greens, and tee boxes.
The Las Campanas people make for handy villains, given that some of them are what its brochures might call Assholes Incredible. On the letters page of the New Mexican, an L.C. resident recently scorned the "anti-affluent sentiment" revealed by public whining about the golf courses, arguing that "our country is—and, hopefully, always will be—devoted to opportunity and a higher living standard for those who desire to have mall-sized houses."
All of which leads to me having cranky, civil-disobedient thoughts. Right now, I'm staring out my windows at eight chubby rose bushes that are probably 15 years old, and I'm imagining how I'll react when their leaves start looking like pork rinds. To be honest? I'm selfish, and I'm concerned about the property-value impact of my landscaping turning to moonscaping. In short, I'm a guy holding a hose in my hand and thinking, "This situation is not fair. So am I going to play by their goddamned rules?"
Alex Heard is the editorial director of Outside magazine. He will file three dispatches on the drought in Santa Fe.


